{"id":153,"date":"2022-07-20T16:47:14","date_gmt":"2022-07-20T14:47:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/expo.rosalis.bibliotheque.toulouse.fr\/les-impasses-de-la-medecine\/?post_type=oeuvre&#038;p=153"},"modified":"2022-09-12T17:04:18","modified_gmt":"2022-09-12T15:04:18","slug":"pots-daxonge","status":"publish","type":"oeuvre","link":"https:\/\/expo.rosalis.bibliotheque.toulouse.fr\/les-impasses-de-la-medecine\/oeuvre\/pots-daxonge\/","title":{"rendered":"Axonge"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><em><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"http:\/\/pop.culture.gouv.fr\/notice\/joconde\/07340001127?base=%5B&quot;Collections%20des%20mus\u00e9es%20de%20France%20%28Joconde%29&quot;%5D&amp;image=%5B&quot;oui&quot;%5D&amp;listResPage=2&amp;mainSearch=&quot;pot%20a%20pharmacie&quot;&amp;resPage=2&amp;last_view=&quot;list&quot;&amp;idQuery=&quot;12a365-e86c-721f-b273-7705e30fe6&quot;\" target=\"_blank\">Pot \u00e0 pharmacie. Axonge humaine<\/a><\/em>, quatri\u00e8me quart 18e si\u00e8cle, fa\u00efence de petit feu \u00a9 Mus\u00e9e Flaubert et d\u2019histoire de la m\u00e9decine, R\u00e9union des mus\u00e9es M\u00e9tropole Rouen Normandie, 997.2.143 P, clich\u00e9 Bruno Maurey, avec leur aimable autorisation<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:40px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Les pots d&rsquo;axonge, not\u00e9s \u00ab axonge \u00bb, \u00ab <em>axungia<\/em> \u00bb, \u00ab <em>axung<\/em> \u00bb, \u00ab <em>azung<\/em> \u00bb voire \u00ab <em>ax.<\/em> \u00bb \u00e9taient fr\u00e9quents dans les apothicaireries. Il s&rsquo;agissait de graisse animale, qui fut utilis\u00e9e en pharmacie et en parfumerie comme excipient dans les onguents et pommades, mais aussi en cuisine sous le nom de saindoux, puis dans l&rsquo;industrie comme enduit. L&rsquo;axonge, qui est la graisse la plus molle et la plus humide du corps, se distingue du lard (graisse ferme) et du suif (graisse s\u00e8che).<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/expo.rosalis.bibliotheque.toulouse.fr\/les-impasses-de-la-medecine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2022\/07\/2_axungia-equi_250X400.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-156\" srcset=\"https:\/\/expo.rosalis.bibliotheque.toulouse.fr\/les-impasses-de-la-medecine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2022\/07\/2_axungia-equi_250X400.jpg 250w, https:\/\/expo.rosalis.bibliotheque.toulouse.fr\/les-impasses-de-la-medecine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2022\/07\/2_axungia-equi_250X400-188x300.jpg 188w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 250px) 100vw, 250px\" \/><figcaption><em><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Graisse_de_cheval_-_mus%C3%A9e_HCL_-_pot_canon_-_pharmacie_%C3%A0_l%27H%C3%B4tel-Dieu.jpg\" target=\"_blank\">Pot \u00e0 pharmacie canon. Graisse de cheval (\u00ab\u00a0Ax. Equi.\u00a0\u00bb)<\/a><\/em>, 17e si\u00e8cle, fa\u00efence \u00a9 Mus\u00e9e des Hospices Civils de Lyon, 2007.0.2657.M, clich\u00e9 Aur\u00e9lie Troccon et Manon Mauguin, 2014, Wikicommons, avec leur aimable autorisation<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>La diversit\u00e9 du monde animal permet tout autant de diversit\u00e9 \u00e0 l&rsquo;axonge. Ainsi on retrouve l&rsquo;<em>ax. equi.<\/em> (axonge de cheval), <em>axung aschiae<\/em> (graisse de poisson), <em>axung ursi<\/em> (graisse d&rsquo;ours), <em>axung taxi<\/em> (graisse de blaireau), etc.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/expo.rosalis.bibliotheque.toulouse.fr\/les-impasses-de-la-medecine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2022\/07\/3_Axung-taxi_250X400.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-157\" srcset=\"https:\/\/expo.rosalis.bibliotheque.toulouse.fr\/les-impasses-de-la-medecine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2022\/07\/3_Axung-taxi_250X400.jpg 250w, https:\/\/expo.rosalis.bibliotheque.toulouse.fr\/les-impasses-de-la-medecine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2022\/07\/3_Axung-taxi_250X400-188x300.jpg 188w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 250px) 100vw, 250px\" \/><figcaption><em><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Apothecary_vessel_Axung_Daxis_19_century.jpg\" target=\"_blank\">Pot \u00e0 pharmacie. Graisse de blaireau (\u00ab\u00a0Axung. Taxi.\u00a0\u00bb)<\/a><\/em>, 19e si\u00e8cle, fa\u00efence, Bullenw\u00e4chter, WikiCommons<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Certaines axonges se sont toutefois vu attribuer des propri\u00e9t\u00e9s plus ou moins extraordinaires. Ainsi l&rsquo;<em>axungia vulturis<\/em> (graisse de vautour) est suppos\u00e9e \u00e9molliente, r\u00e9solutive et fortifiante.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/expo.rosalis.bibliotheque.toulouse.fr\/les-impasses-de-la-medecine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2022\/07\/4_Axungia-vulturis_250X400.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-158\" srcset=\"https:\/\/expo.rosalis.bibliotheque.toulouse.fr\/les-impasses-de-la-medecine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2022\/07\/4_Axungia-vulturis_250X400.jpg 250w, https:\/\/expo.rosalis.bibliotheque.toulouse.fr\/les-impasses-de-la-medecine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2022\/07\/4_Axungia-vulturis_250X400-188x300.jpg 188w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 250px) 100vw, 250px\" \/><figcaption><em><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Graisse_de_vautour_-_mus%C3%A9e_HCL_-_pot_canon_-_pharmacie_%C3%A0_l%27H%C3%B4tel-Dieu.jpg\" target=\"_blank\">Pot \u00e0 pharmacie canon. Graisse de vautour<\/a><\/em>, 17e si\u00e8cle, fa\u00efence \u00a9 Mus\u00e9e des Hospices Civils de Lyon, 2007.0.2660.M, clich\u00e9 Aur\u00e9lie Troccon et Manon Mauguin, 2014, Wikicommons, avec leur aimable autorisation<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Plus surprenant, l\u2019<em>axungia hominis<\/em> (axonge humaine) fut consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme un rem\u00e8de contre les s\u00e9cr\u00e9tions putrides des parties g\u00e9nitales. Pour s&rsquo;en procurer, il suffisait de se rendre chez le bourreau, qui en faisait commerce.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"350\" height=\"272\" src=\"https:\/\/expo.rosalis.bibliotheque.toulouse.fr\/les-impasses-de-la-medecine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2022\/07\/5_Axung_Hominis_350X272.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-160\" srcset=\"https:\/\/expo.rosalis.bibliotheque.toulouse.fr\/les-impasses-de-la-medecine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2022\/07\/5_Axung_Hominis_350X272.jpg 350w, https:\/\/expo.rosalis.bibliotheque.toulouse.fr\/les-impasses-de-la-medecine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2022\/07\/5_Axung_Hominis_350X272-300x233.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\" \/><figcaption><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Albarelli_Axung_Hominis.jpg\" target=\"_blank\"><em>Pots \u00e0 pharmacie. Axonge humaine<\/em> (\u00ab\u00a0axung hominis\u00a0\u00bb)<\/a>, 18e si\u00e8cle, fa\u00efence, Deutsches Apothekenmuseum Heidelberg, Allemagne, Wikicommons<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Avec l&rsquo;arriv\u00e9e de nouveaux produits d\u00e9riv\u00e9s du p\u00e9trole (paraffine, vaseline\u2026) \u00e0 la fin du 19e si\u00e8cle, son utilisation se r\u00e9duisit fortement. Seule l&rsquo;axonge de porc fut ensuite utilis\u00e9e en pharmacie pour faire des pommades.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link\" href=\"https:\/\/expo.rosalis.bibliotheque.toulouse.fr\/les-impasses-de-la-medecine\/lapothicairerie\/\">RETour \u00e0 l&rsquo;accueil<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pot \u00e0 pharmacie. Axonge humaine, quatri\u00e8me quart 18e si\u00e8cle, fa\u00efence de petit feu \u00a9 Mus\u00e9e Flaubert et d\u2019histoire de la m\u00e9decine, R\u00e9union des mus\u00e9es M\u00e9tropole Rouen Normandie, 997.2.143 P, clich\u00e9 Bruno Maurey, avec leur aimable autorisation Les pots d&rsquo;axonge, not\u00e9s \u00ab axonge \u00bb, \u00ab axungia \u00bb, \u00ab axung \u00bb, \u00ab azung \u00bb voire \u00ab ax. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":372,"template":"","class_list":["post-153","oeuvre","type-oeuvre","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"featuredTag":"<img width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/expo.rosalis.bibliotheque.toulouse.fr\/les-impasses-de-la-medecine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2022\/07\/1_pot-axonge-humain_1024X768.png\" class=\"attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/expo.rosalis.bibliotheque.toulouse.fr\/les-impasses-de-la-medecine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2022\/07\/1_pot-axonge-humain_1024X768.png 1024w, https:\/\/expo.rosalis.bibliotheque.toulouse.fr\/les-impasses-de-la-medecine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2022\/07\/1_pot-axonge-humain_1024X768-300x225.png 300w, https:\/\/expo.rosalis.bibliotheque.toulouse.fr\/les-impasses-de-la-medecine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2022\/07\/1_pot-axonge-humain_1024X768-768x576.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/expo.rosalis.bibliotheque.toulouse.fr\/les-impasses-de-la-medecine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/oeuvre\/153","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/expo.rosalis.bibliotheque.toulouse.fr\/les-impasses-de-la-medecine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/oeuvre"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/expo.rosalis.bibliotheque.toulouse.fr\/les-impasses-de-la-medecine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/oeuvre"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/expo.rosalis.bibliotheque.toulouse.fr\/les-impasses-de-la-medecine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/expo.rosalis.bibliotheque.toulouse.fr\/les-impasses-de-la-medecine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/372"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/expo.rosalis.bibliotheque.toulouse.fr\/les-impasses-de-la-medecine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=153"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}